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Numbers
The numbers are quite basic, formed in a similar way to Chinese. This is due to the fact there are two counting systems. One is Japanese and the other is derived from Chinese.
The Chinese set can be used to count forever, although when used for counting objects, they are combined with the correct counter. (Counters are used to count objects - there are many!) The Japanese set only reaches ten and can be used to count objects which do not have a specific counter designated to them.
Japanese Set
The -つ numbers
1. ひとつ - hitotsu
2. ふたつ - futatsu
3. みっつ - mittsu
4. よっつ - yottsu
5. いつつ - itsutsu
6. むっつ - muttsu
7. ななつ - nanatsu
8. やっつ - yattsu
9. ここのつ - kokonotsu
10. とう - tou
Chinese Set
After 10, the tens are counted by adding 二、三、etc. (I used kanji because it's rare to see numbers written in hiragana as they take up a lot of space!) Some numbers change sound and I have them in bold. For the numbers 4, 7 and 9, there are alternate readings, and they act similarly to euphemisms. The first reading is more commonly used than the second.
1. いち
ichi
2. に
ni
3. さん
san
4. よん / し
yon / shi
5. ご
go
6. ろく
roku
7. なな / しち
nana / shichi
8. はち
hachi
9. きゅう / く
kyuu / ku
10. じゅう
juu
11. じゅういち
juu-ichi
12. じゅうに
juu-ni
20. にじゅう
ni-juu
21. にじゅういち
ni-juu-ichi
30. さんじゅう
san-juu
40. よんじゅう
yon-juu
50. ごじゅう
go-juu
60. ろくじゅう
roku-juu
70. ななじゅう
nana-juu
80. はちじゅう
hachi-juu
90. きゅうじゅう
kyuu-juu
100. ひゃく
hyaku
101. ひゃくいち
hyaku-ichi
102. ひゃくに
hyaku-ni
110. ひゃくじゅう
hyaku-juu
111. ひゃくじゅういち
hyaku-juu-ichi
120. ひゃくにじゅう
hyaku-ni-juu
130. ひゃくさんじゅう
hyaku-san-juu
200. にひゃく
ni-hyaku
300. さんびゃく
san-byaku
400. よんひゃく
yon-hyaku
500. ごひゃく
go-hyaku
600. ろっぴゃく
roppyaku
700. ななひゃく
nana-hyaku
800. はっぴゃく
happyaku
900. きゅうひゃく
kyuu-hyaku
1000. せん
sen
1001. せんいち
sen-ichi
1010. せんじゅう
sen-juu
1100. せんひゃく
sen-hyaku
1200. せんにひゃく
sen-ni-hyaku
2000. にせん
ni-sen
3000. さんぜん
san-zen
4000. よんせん
yon-sen
5000. ごせん
go-sen
6000. ろくせん
roku-sen
7000. ななせん
nana-sen
8000. はっせん
hassen
9000. きゅうせん
kyuu-sen
10 000. いちまん
ichi-man
Note how 300 and 3000 are both changed, as are 800 and 8000. 600 is changed, but not 6000. For 1000, いち is not needed in front, but it is fo 10 000. 10 000 is counted as one unit, unlike in English where we would say "ten lots of a thousand".
Numbers in Japanese!
Please do not use the tsu-counter to count everything. I know it's tempting (really, I didn't want to learn all the counters either) but it can get very confusing for the listener.
Please do not use the tsu-counter to count everything. I know it's tempting (really, I didn't want to learn all the counters either) but it can get very confusing for the listener.
© 2012 - 2024 mystichuntress
Comments1
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the numbers I remember very well I always counted in Japaneses without the counters because it kinda rhymes